The 16th National Conference on Residual Stress was jointly organized by the China Mechanical Engineering Society Materials Branch, Failure Analysis Branch, Surface Engineering Branch, Physical and Chemical Testing Branch and X-ray Diffraction Committee of the Chinese Physical Society. The Air Force Engineering University (Key Laboratory of Plasma Dynamics) The contract was held in Xi'an from October 8 to 13, 2011. 262 representatives from 175 units at home and abroad attended the academic conference.